The interactive reference to the origin and evolution of the universe, covering core concepts and common inquiries.
The cosmic microwave background (CMB) is the oldest light in the universe, a relic of the Big Bang. Its near-perfect blackbody spectrum and tiny temperature fluctuations provide powerful evidence for cosmic inflation, the theory that the universe expanded exponentially in the first fraction of a second. This article explains how CMB observations confirm inflation and traces the cosmic epochs from the Planck era to structure formation.
The Big Bang did not occur at a single point in space; it happened everywhere at once. This article explores the origin and evolution of the universe, from the Planck epoch to the formation of stars and galaxies, and explains the evidence that supports the standard cosmological model.
The Big Bang was not an explosion in space but an expansion of space itself. This comprehensive guide explains the origin and evolution of the universe, from the Planck epoch to the formation of stars and galaxies, and clarifies why the common ‘explosion’ metaphor is misleading.
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) is the process that forged the lightest atomic nuclei—deuterium, helium-3, helium-4, and lithium-7—during the first three minutes of cosmic history. This article explains the physics, the timeline, the observational evidence, and why BBN remains a cornerstone of the standard Big Bang model.
Explore the sequence of cosmic epochs that followed the Planck era—from the Grand Unification and inflation to recombination, the dark ages, and the formation of galaxies. This interactive guide explains the key physical processes, temperatures, and observations that define each stage of the universe’s evolution.
The Big Bang theory is often misunderstood. This guide debunks common myths and explains the true origin and evolution of the universe, from the Planck epoch to the present day.
Cosmic inflation is the theory that the universe underwent an exponential expansion in the first fraction of a second after the Big Bang. This guide explains how inflation solved the horizon and flatness problems, seeded the large-scale structure, and set the stage for the cosmic epochs that followed—from the Planck epoch to the formation of stars and galaxies.
The Grand Unification Epoch was a fleeting period in the early universe, from about 10⁻⁴³ to 10⁻³⁵ seconds after the Big Bang, when three of the four fundamental forces were unified. This article explores that epoch, its place in cosmic history, and the full timeline from Planck time to the present day.
Explore the Big Bang model, from the Planck epoch to the formation of stars and galaxies. Learn about cosmic inflation, the cosmic microwave background, and the evidence supporting our modern understanding of the universe’s origin.
Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) is the production of light elements during the first minutes of cosmic time. Its evidence comes from the remarkable agreement between predicted and observed primordial abundances, which also constrains the baryon density and supports the standard hot Big Bang model.
