The cosmic microwave background (CMB) is the oldest light in the universe, a relic radiation that reveals the early universe’s conditions and evolution.
CMB polarization is a subtle pattern in the cosmic microwave background that encodes information about the early universe, from the physics of recombination to the possible imprint of gravitational waves from inflation. This article explains its origin, what it reveals, and how it fits into the broader story of cosmic evolution.
The universe is 13.8 billion years old. This definitive guide explains how astronomers measure the age of the cosmos using the cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, and the expansion rate, and traces the universe’s evolution from the Planck epoch to the present day.
Acoustic peaks are periodic ripples in the cosmic microwave background temperature, imprinted by sound waves in the early universe. These peaks encode the fundamental physics of the Big Bang and have become a cornerstone of modern cosmology, revealing the composition and evolution of the cosmos.
The Planck space telescope mapped the cosmic microwave background with unprecedented precision, revealing the universe’s age, composition, and evolution. Its observations refined the standard cosmological model, measured key parameters like the Hubble constant, and provided a detailed picture of the early universe from the Planck epoch to the present day.
The cosmic microwave background is uniform to one part in 100,000, a puzzle solved by cosmic inflation. This article explains the CMB’s origin, the epochs of the early universe, and how missions like COBE, WMAP, and Planck have measured it.
The cosmic microwave background (CMB) glows at a temperature of 2.7255 K, a relic of the hot, dense early universe. This article explains why the CMB has this temperature, how it encodes the history of cosmic expansion, and what it reveals about the key epochs from the Planck era to structure formation.
